Main article: Varieties of Arabic. Main article: Arabic phonology. See also: Literary Arabic phonology.

Further information: Varieties of Arabic. Main article: Arabic grammar. Main article: Modern Standard Arabic. Main articles: Arabic alphabet and Arabic Braille.

Main article: Arabic calligraphy. Main article: Romanization of Arabic. See also: Arabic Language International Council. Islam portal.

Simons, Gary F. Fennig eds. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 21st edition. Archived from the original on 5 January Retrieved 21 February Glottolog 3.

Streck, Janet C. The earliest stages of Arabic and its linguistic classification Routledge Handbook of Arabic Linguistics, forthcoming ".

Archived from the original on 23 October Retrieved 27 October Archived from the original on 3 March Retrieved 20 March Archived PDF from the original on 12 December Retrieved 28 June Encyclopedia Britannica.

Archived from the original on 24 September Retrieved 21 December The Arabic Language. Columbia University Press. Orissan studies project, Calcutta: Punthi Pustak.

Archived from the original on 5 February January Archived from the original PDF on 25 May Retrieved 29 May Future of the Global Muslim Population.

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Archived 29 March at the Wayback Machine pp. Journal of Nationalism, Memory and Language Politics. Georgetown University Press. Oxford: Oxford University Press, Philadelphia: Balch Institute for Ethnic Studies , London: Routledge, New York: Columbia University Press, The Economist.

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An introduction to Arab poetics 1st ed. Austin: University of Texas Press. Archived from the original on 30 April Archived from the original on 25 February Retrieved 28 January Maltese — an unusual formula.

Archived from the original on 8 December Retrieved 17 February Originally Maltese was an Arabic dialect but it was immediately exposed to Latinisation because the Normans conquered the islands in , while Christianisation, which was complete by , cut off the dialect from contact with Classical Arabic.

Consequently Maltese developed on its own, slowly but steadily absorbing new words from Sicilian and Italian according to the needs of the developing community.

Morphologies of Asia and Africa, Alan S. Kaye Ed. Maltese is the chief exception: Classical or Standard Arabic is irrelevant in the Maltese linguistic community and there is no diglossia.

As a result Maltese is unique and different from Arabic and other Semitic languages. Archived from the original on 11 October Retrieved 23 September To summarise our findings, we might observe that when it comes to the most basic everyday language, as reflected in our data sets, speakers of Maltese are able to understand less than a third of what is being said to them in either Tunisian or Benghazi Libyan Arabic.

In comparison, speakers of Libyan Arabic and speakers of Tunisian Arabic understand about two-thirds of what is being said to them.

A reference grammar of Modern Standard Arabic. New York: Cambridge University Press. Ars Orientalis. Ibn Warraq ed. Translated by Ibn Warraq.

New York: Prometheus. Archived from the original on 11 April Design and Culture. Arabic Keyboard Atlanta ed. Madisonville: Peter Jones. Archived from the original on 27 September Retrieved 11 October Retrieved 12 September Part of Landmarks in Linguistic Thought series, vol.

New York: Routledge, Oxford University Press, Thelwall, Robin Handbook of the International Phonetic Association a guide to the use of the international phonetic alphabet.

Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Traini, R. Arabic language. Classical Modern Standard Maltese [a]. Literature Names. Calligraphy Script.

Varieties of Arabic. Proto-Arabic Old Arabic. Classical Modern Standard. Hejazi Sedentary Bedouin. Chadian Sudanese.

Moslawi Judeo-Iraqi Cypriot Anatolian. South Levantine Jordanian Palestinian. Bimbashi Juba Maridi Nubi Turku. Italics indicate extinct varieties.

Histories of the world's languages. Irish Welsh. Latvian Lithuanian. Hindustani Nepali Persian. Albanian Greek. Estonian Finnish Hungarian.

Arabic Aramaic Hebrew. Kannada Malayalam Tamil Telugu. Filipino Malay. Azeri Turkish. Esperanto Interlingua. Modern Semitic languages.

Semitic languages. East Semitic languages. Akkadian Eblaite. West Semitic and Central Semitic languages. Ammonite Moabite Edomite.

Arabic Classical Modern Standard. Eastern Egyptian and Peninsular Bedawi. South Semitic languages. Ge'ez Tigrinya Tigre Dahalik.

Silt'e Wolane, Ulbareg, Inneqor Zay. Gafat Soddo. Italics indicate extinct languages , excluding liturgical languages.

Namespaces Article Talk. Fennig eds. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Twentieth edition. Retrieved 21 March Retrieved 12 February Oxford Dictionaries - English.

Namespaces Page Talk. Views Read Change Change source View history. Wikimedia Commons. Western Maghrebi Central incl.

Egyptian , Sudanese Northern incl. Levantine , Iraqi Southern incl. Each Arabic speaking country or region also has its own variety of colloquial spoken Arabic.

These colloquial varieties of Arabic appear in written form in some poetry, cartoons and comics, plays and personal letters. There are also translations of the bible into most varieties of colloquial Arabic.

Arabic has also been written with the Hebrew , Syriac and Latin scripts. The transliteration of consonants used above is the ISO version of There are various other ways of transliterating Arabic.

When chatting online some Arabic speakers write in the Latin alphabet use the following letters:. These numerals are those used when writing Arabic and are written from left to right.

The term 'Arabic numerals' is also used to refer to 1, 2, 3, etc. For a full list of all varieties of colloquial Arabic click here format: Excel, 20K.

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